In swine production, sows need to be constantly updated, that is, timely selection of high-quality gilts for replenishing sows at the same time of culling sow frailty, delayed estrus, effective lactation capacity, and breeding sows. The so-called gilts are the sows whose piglets are kept until they are sowed for the first time. In swine practice, the selection of gilts is very technical and runs through the whole process of growth and development. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection based on the comprehensive performance and performance of their parents, compatriots and themselves:
Look at the maternal line: (1) The gilt must be from sows that have lots of litters, high feeding rates, and high weaning weights to select the sows that have left the 2-5th litter. (2) Parents of gilts should have outstanding production performance and excellent traits—strong production capacity, rapid growth, good stress resistance, and high feed utilization rate.
Look at the compatriots: (1) The same litter of pigs has good carcass traits, high uniformity, and small individual differences. (2) There are no hereditary defects in siblings such as hernia, cryptorchidism, sucking milk, and prolapse.
Look at oneself: The quality standard of high-quality gilts is: (1) The shape of the high-quality gilts (wool, head, ear, figure, etc.) meets the standards of this breed, and they have good growth and development, light fur, and long back. The hindquarters are large, full-bodied, with strong limbs and well-prepared limbs. The legs should not be too straight. (2) Good gilts should have more than 7 pairs of effective nipples (more than 6 pairs of lean type pigs), with neat rows, moderate spacing, even distribution, no genetic defects, no breast milk and deputy nipples. (3) Genital gilts had good genital development, and the pus was developed with drooping and normal shape. (4) Good gilts have a birth weight above 1.5 kg, a 28-day weaning weight of 8 kg, a 70-day weight of 30 kg, and a moderate body weight. (5) The gilts should be screened again before the initial allocation. Sows with unsatisfactory sexual organ development, irregular estrus cycle, and indistinct estrus should be eliminated in time.
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