Identification and Control of Eggplant Verticillium Wilt

Field Symptoms: Verticillium wilt on eggplant occurs more often after fruiting on the pod, and the number of diseased plants increases sharply during the fruiting period. At the early stage of disease, the middle and lower leaves of the plant chlorosis or chlorosis on the middle and lower leaves, and gradually develop upwards, so that half of the branches and leaves become yellow and dead, and the fruit is not rigid. Therefore, it is also called half crazy. In severe cases, the whole plant withered and the leaves dried off and became light culms. Peeling the roots and stems of the cortex reveals that the vascular bundle has turned brown and is also known as black heart disease.

Cause of disease: Eggplant verticillium wilt disease is a soil-borne disease, soil bacteria is the main source of bacteria. Verticillium dahliae, with mycelia, chlamydospore, and pseudosclerotia, overwinter in the soil with diseased plant residues, and generally can survive for 6 to 8 years. The pathogens mainly invade from root wounds and can also invade from the radicle and root hairs and propagate in the vascular bundles of plants. Therefore, cultivating or continuous cropping, the soil contains more bacteria, and the disease is heavy.

In addition, temperature is also an important factor affecting the occurrence of diseases. The general temperature of 20 °C ~ 25 °C is conducive to disease, from the eggplant colonization to flowering, the daily average temperature is lower than 15 °C the more days, the sooner the more severe the onset. The temperature is above 28°C and the disease is suppressed.

Earthy viscous weight, saline-alkali soil, double cropping, partial nitrogen fertilization, rooting of raw manure, planting roots, planting too thin, planting seedlings at midday sun, soil cracking, etc. In particular, watering on a cold day can easily cause an outbreak of Verticillium wilt.

Prevention measures: To prevent the occurrence of Verticillium wilt on eggplant, a 20- to 30-kilogram microbial agent can be applied during transplanting; after the onset of seedling emergence, 800 micrograms of “micro-micro” multi-purposes are used per acre before the onset of disease, diluted by 300-fold dilution. Single root irrigation, combined with root irrigation should also be foliar spray, before the onset of the disease with thiazole zinc 400 times plus 6000 times liquid natural brassin - Shuofeng 481 foliar spray, spray 8 to 10 days 1 time , spray 2 or 3 times. For eggplants that have already undergone Verticillium wilt, roots that have begun to rot should be pulled out in time. For eggplants that have just begun to show signs of wilting, 300 times the amount of “gold micro” multi-purpose or thiazole zinc can be given 400 times at the root. Liquid, can also be used 50% copper chloride 300 times the copper acid solution or 60% potassium dimethoate 500 times Irrigation root.